Uncategorized – Muslim Culture Hub https://muslimculturehub.com Mon, 09 Jun 2025 22:37:38 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.3 https://muslimculturehub.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-3-32x32.png Uncategorized – Muslim Culture Hub https://muslimculturehub.com 32 32 Saudi Arabia and Qatar Commit to Financial Aid for Syria https://muslimculturehub.com/saudi-arabia-and-qatar-commit-to-financial-aid-for-syria/ https://muslimculturehub.com/saudi-arabia-and-qatar-commit-to-financial-aid-for-syria/#respond Mon, 09 Jun 2025 22:37:35 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/saudi-arabia-and-qatar-commit-to-financial-aid-for-syria/ Read more]]> Saudi and Qatar Pledge Financial Backing for Syria

Saudi Arabia and Qatar have unveiled a joint financial initiative aimed at supporting Syria’s public sector, marking a significant step toward reshaping ties with Damascus.

Saudi Arabian Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al-Saud in Syria

During a recent visit to Damascus, Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan met with Syrian President Ahmad Al-Sharaa and Foreign Minister Asaad Al-Shaibani. The discussions underscored Riyadh’s resolve to reintegrate Syria into regional politics and the economic community. At a joint press briefing, the Saudi minister emphasized that a cooperative financial package will aid employees in Syria’s public sector.

Prince Faisal conveyed warm greetings on behalf of the Kingdom’s leadership, expressing hope that Syria soon experiences enhanced security, stability, and prosperity. He reiterated Saudi Arabia’s commitment to strengthening ties with its Syrian counterparts to foster stability and open up opportunities for an economic revival in the region.

The delegation, which included prominent figures from the economic and financial sectors, also took time to visit historical sites such as the Umayyad Mosque. The financial support package was announced shortly after a previous joint effort by Saudi Arabia and Qatar to settle Syria’s outstanding arrears with the international financial institution.

The Saudi minister lauded the recent removal of sanctions by major Western countries, noting that such steps are expected to boost public confidence and revitalize an economy that has long been hindered by restrictions. At the same time, Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad Al-Shaibani welcomed the visit, underscoring the growing economic partnership based on shared interests.

Mr. Al-Shaibani pointed to recent agreements with international companies for electricity production via gas supply, and noted a separate major energy investment deal with regional and international firms. He stressed that reconstruction in Syria would be driven by the Syrian people, welcoming any form of assistance that supports this goal.

Prince Faisal confirmed that the Kingdom would continue its longstanding support for Syria’s path toward reconstruction and economic recovery. He also highlighted the increasing interest from Saudi investors in exploring new collaborative ventures that benefit both nations.

This visit comes as part of a broader regional shift toward renewed engagement with Syria, a move that follows significant political changes and shifts in governance over recent years. Further Saudi economic delegations are expected to visit Damascus in the near future.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/saudi-arabia-and-qatar-commit-to-financial-aid-for-syria/feed/ 0 Palestinian Pilgrims Bear the Weight of War on Hajj, Haunted by Gaza https://muslimculturehub.com/palestinian-pilgrims-bear-the-weight-of-war-on-hajj-haunted-by-gaza/ https://muslimculturehub.com/palestinian-pilgrims-bear-the-weight-of-war-on-hajj-haunted-by-gaza/#respond Mon, 09 Jun 2025 15:08:13 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/palestinian-pilgrims-bear-the-weight-of-war-on-hajj-haunted-by-gaza/ Read more]]> Palestinian Pilgrims Bear the Weight of Conflict at Hajj

As millions of Muslims assemble in Makkah for the sacred Hajj pilgrimage, many Palestinians from Gaza embark on the journey while carrying the heavy burdens of war, displacement, and separation from those they love. Their hearts remain troubled by the violence back home even as they set foot on Islam’s holiest ground.

One such pilgrim is Mohammed Shehade, a 38‐year‐old engineer who departed Gaza in February to receive urgent cancer treatment in Egypt. Although he was allowed to leave, Israeli authorities did not permit his wife and four children to join him. His exit coincided with a rare pause in the conflict, affording him a fleeting chance to participate in Hajj. However, the spiritual fulfillment of visiting the sacred sites is overshadowed by the sorrow of being apart from his family.

In a conversation near Makkah’s Grand Mosque, Shehade expressed the profound agony of separation: “This is life’s greatest suffering—to be away from your family. Even if you are in the best place in the world, without your loved ones, happiness feels out of reach.” He recalled the many nights spent praying for an end to the conflict and for a reunion with his family, his voice thick with emotion.

More than 1,800 Gazans, including those already living in Egypt and others specially invited, are expected to perform Hajj this year. Like Shehade, many have found temporary refuge after escaping a brutal conflict that has devastated their homeland over the past 20 months.

Hearts in Gaza

The toll of the conflict remains staggering. According to local health officials, thousands of lives have been lost in recent months, with the rising death toll overwhelmingly impacting women and children. Amid this chaos, Shehade recalled the dual agony he faced upon leaving Gaza: the urgent need for surgery and the deep pain of parting from his family.

Another pilgrim, Rajaee Rajeh al-Kahlout, a 48‐year‐old businessman who fled with his wife and four children for Egypt, shared a similar story of loss. His home was destroyed and his livelihood shattered as his import-export business crumbled. Although he is grateful for the chance to perform Hajj, the shadow of war looms over every moment. “All my family—my sisters, my brothers—remain in Gaza. Every minute, my thoughts are with them,” he said, his words reflecting the constant fear and longing for better times.

In the lobby of a Makkah hotel sheltering pilgrims from Gaza, a widow in her 60s quietly wept as she remembered her life left behind. Evacuated for medical reasons the previous year, she has not seen her ten children since. “My heart is always with Gaza. My life, my children, my home—they are there. I long to go back,” she confessed with unmistakable sorrow.

As the rituals of Hajj commence, the prayers of these pilgrims resonate with a deep yearning not only for spiritual solace but also for peace, survival, and the hope of being reunited with their loved ones.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/palestinian-pilgrims-bear-the-weight-of-war-on-hajj-haunted-by-gaza/feed/ 0 Lilli Tagger Claims French Open Girls Championship https://muslimculturehub.com/lilli-tagger-claims-french-open-girls-championship/ https://muslimculturehub.com/lilli-tagger-claims-french-open-girls-championship/#respond Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:00:55 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/lilli-tagger-claims-french-open-girls-championship/ Read more]]> Lilli Tagger Clinches the French Open Girls’ Singles Title

Austrian tennis phenom Lilli Tagger claimed the junior girls’ championship at the French Open, winning the tournament without dropping a single set. Making her debut at Roland-Garros this year, the 17‐year‐old star overpowered Britain’s eighth-seeded Hannah Klugman in a decisive final, finishing 6-2, 6-0.

Tagger demonstrated remarkable composure throughout the match, saving every one of the five break points she faced and producing 19 winners. In doing so, she became the first player from Austria to capture a junior singles title at the French Open—a milestone that follows her best performance as a junior at a Grand Slam, having reached the quarterfinals at the Australian Open earlier this season.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/lilli-tagger-claims-french-open-girls-championship/feed/ 0 Iran Promotes Islamic Unity with High-Level Regional Outreach Amid Eid al-Adha https://muslimculturehub.com/iran-promotes-islamic-unity-with-high-level-regional-outreach-amid-eid-al-adha/ https://muslimculturehub.com/iran-promotes-islamic-unity-with-high-level-regional-outreach-amid-eid-al-adha/#respond Mon, 09 Jun 2025 03:01:18 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/iran-promotes-islamic-unity-with-high-level-regional-outreach-amid-eid-al-adha/ Read more]]> Iran’s Eid al-Adha Outreach Bolsters Regional Alliances

During the Eid al-Adha holiday, Iran has launched a series of high-level diplomatic phone calls with leaders across the region. The effort aims to promote Islamic unity, address regional challenges, and subtly influence ongoing nuclear discussions with the United States. At the same time, tensions remain high with Israel as Iran uses these engagements to counter growing regional pressures.

Diplomatic Engagement with Egypt and Pakistan

Iranian state media reported that Iran’s foreign minister engaged in talks with his Egyptian counterpart. During a telephone conversation, the two officials not only exchanged Eid greetings but also reviewed bilateral relations and discussed the evolving situation in Gaza. This exchange followed a recent visit to Egypt, where extensive meetings took place with top government officials.

In addition, Iran’s diplomat held discussions with the Pakistani foreign minister. Their conversation centered on strengthening bilateral ties and addressing regional as well as international developments. The leaders highlighted concerns over what they described as persistent aggression in the region and stressed the importance of solidarity among Muslim nations during this important holiday.

Reaching Out to the United Arab Emirates

In a similar bid to reinforce its network of alliances, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian personally contacted the leader of the United Arab Emirates. During their call, both leaders extended Eid al-Adha congratulations and expressed mutual hopes for peace and regional stability. President Pezeshkian emphasized that the blessings of the occasion could help deter conflicts and foster an environment of collaboration among neighboring states.

The UAE, being a close ally of Western nations and a member of key accords in the region, is seen as a particularly influential partner. Tehran is keen to ensure that Gulf states support its position in nuclear negotiations with the United States, leveraging its improving ties with some regional players to facilitate a favorable outcome that avoids escalating tensions.

Strategic Implications

Iran’s holiday diplomacy is not solely about greetings; it is a calculated move to reaffirm its regional connections and influence key geopolitical issues. The outreach comes at a time when Iran’s regional proxies have encountered setbacks, and there is a pressing need to secure diplomatic backing as the country navigates complex nuclear talks. By using Eid al-Adha as a platform for fostering unity, Iran hopes to create a more stable and cooperative regional environment, one that may eventually contribute to easing broader strategic confrontations.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/iran-promotes-islamic-unity-with-high-level-regional-outreach-amid-eid-al-adha/feed/ 0 Is Your Eid Qurban Truly Halal? https://muslimculturehub.com/is-your-eid-qurban-truly-halal/ https://muslimculturehub.com/is-your-eid-qurban-truly-halal/#respond Sun, 08 Jun 2025 21:00:36 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/is-your-eid-qurban-truly-halal/ Read more]]> Understanding the Significance of Eid Qurban

The tradition of Eid Qurban recalls the story of Prophet Ibrahim and his willingness to offer his son Ismail (peace be upon him) as a sacrifice, a test of faith commemorated by offering an animal in Allah’s name. The meat from such sacrifices is traditionally distributed among family, friends, and those in need. Today, many Muslim communities observe Eid al-Adha by performing the sacrifice at home or in nearby outdoor spaces. However, an increasing number of these rituals are carried out in abattoirs, away from the public eye. In Western societies, it is also common for Muslims to contribute funds for the sacrifice either by sending money to their home countries or by donating to charities that carry out the ritual on their behalf.

The Essence of a Proper Sacrifice

Islam encourages that the act of sacrifice be conducted with utmost care and adherence to tradition. It is not merely a mechanical ritual but a practice imbued with holistic principles. Unfortunately, there are instances when the rules surrounding the sacrifice are not followed closely. Animals may be improperly selected or slaughtered in ways that do not conform to the necessary guidelines set by Shari’ah.

For a sacrifice to be valid in the Sunnah, the chosen animal must be in good health, without significant defects, possessing most of its teeth, and physically robust enough to reach the designated place for slaughter. Specific age requirements are also established: a goat should be at least one year old, a sheep no less than six months old (provided it has reached a certain level of fatness), a cow should be a minimum of two years, and a camel ideally five years of age.

The Shari’ah recommends that a Muslim personally oversee the sacrifice if they are capable of performing it correctly; if not, it is acceptable to have someone else carry out the act, with the sacrificial owner ideally present for the ritual. An untrained individual might cause unnecessary suffering to the animal both physically and mentally if not properly guided in the process.

As explained by a respected scholar, a correct Islamic slaughter involves swiftly severing the throat, the external jugular veins, and the windpipe with a sharp instrument while invoking the name of Allah. Cutting only two of these critical elements is insufficient, whereas severing three or all four ensures the sacrifice meets Islamic standards.

Adhering to Shari’ah and Sunnah in the Process

Islamic guidelines suggest that during the sacrifice, the animal should be oriented toward the Qiblah. It is also recommended that animals should not witness the slaughter of other animals, nor should they be exposed to the process of knife sharpening, as these practices can distress them.

Animal welfare is a central tenet in Islam. The Prophet (peace be upon him) advised that when taking a life, whether by killing or slaughtering, one must do so in a humane and considerate manner. This teaching is anchored in the belief that every tool used should be sharp and that the animal should be allowed a swift and painless death. The emphasis on compassion is echoed by revered Imams who stressed avoiding the sight of one animal’s fate by another and ensuring that any animal nearing the end of its life receives care and dignity.

The Impact of Mass Slaughter on Meat Quality

There are concerns that when a large number of animals are sacrificed at once, the process may be rushed. Some argue that mass slaughter can inadvertently compromise the quality of the meat through excessive stress imposed on the animals. Experts in halal practices have noted that some meat available in markets, particularly in regions with mass processing facilities, does not fully adhere to the principles of halal slaughter.

When shortcuts are taken, the resulting meat may not be as pure as intended under Islamic guidelines. The Quran reminds believers that what reaches Allah is not simply the physical animal but the piety behind the act. With this in mind, it is worth rethinking our approach to Eid Qurban. If the act is carried out with sincere intentions to please Allah, unnecessary shortcuts should be avoided to preserve both the sanctity of the tradition and the quality of the sacrifice.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/is-your-eid-qurban-truly-halal/feed/ 0 Israel to Deport Swedish and Irish Tourists Over Pro-Palestine Stance https://muslimculturehub.com/israel-to-deport-swedish-and-irish-tourists-over-pro-palestine-stance/ https://muslimculturehub.com/israel-to-deport-swedish-and-irish-tourists-over-pro-palestine-stance/#respond Sun, 08 Jun 2025 15:00:31 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/israel-to-deport-swedish-and-irish-tourists-over-pro-palestine-stance/ Read more]]> Recent Measures Impacting Tourists and Political Figures

In recent months, Israel has taken significant steps to restrict access to its borders for various international visitors. This decision primarily targets tourists and politicians—including members of parliament from several nations—who have raised their voices in opposition to the ongoing conflict in Gaza, the use of violent settler practices, and military actions in Palestinian regions of the occupied West Bank.

Officials justify these restrictions as a response to international criticism surrounding what many describe as grave human rights violations. The policy reflects a broader trend in which governments worldwide address dissent and solidarity expressions against contentious military actions.

The travel bans illustrate the growing tension between state policy and global advocacy for Palestinian rights, highlighting how international political stances can influence a nation’s approach to migration and border control.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/israel-to-deport-swedish-and-irish-tourists-over-pro-palestine-stance/feed/ 0 Northwest Indiana Muslims Unite for Eid al-Adha https://muslimculturehub.com/northwest-indiana-muslims-unite-for-eid-al-adha/ https://muslimculturehub.com/northwest-indiana-muslims-unite-for-eid-al-adha/#respond Sun, 08 Jun 2025 09:00:42 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/northwest-indiana-muslims-unite-for-eid-al-adha/ Read more]]> Northwest Indiana’s Muslim Community Unites for Eid Al-Adha

On Friday, June 6, 2025, Muslims from across Northwest Indiana came together in Crown Point’s Sparta Dome to mark Eid Al-Adha, one of Islam’s two foremost holidays. This gathering marked the opening day of a three‐day celebration, and the spacious dome provided an ideal setting for a communal prayer and festive unity.

Women at the Eid Al-Adha celebration

Organizer Jawad Nammari, a volunteer with the Northwest Indiana Islamic Center, explained that the venue was intentionally chosen for its ability to accommodate a large, diverse community. “Rather than hosting the celebration at a single mosque, we opted for the Sparta Dome to bring together Muslims from every corner of the region,” he said.

Leading the prayers was Iman Mongy El-Quesny of the Northwest Indiana Islamic Center, who guided the community through the sacred recitations. Nammari, who also assisted in organizing the event, emphasized the importance of community unity on this significant day.

Prayer leader during the Eid Al-Adha celebration

Eid Al-Adha commemorates the act of faith when Prophet Ibrahim was commanded to sacrifice his son as a demonstration of obedience to God. According to tradition, at the moment of sacrifice, God provided a ram to be offered instead. This sacred narrative symbolizes complete trust and devotion, a theme that resonated throughout the celebration.

Many community members began their day by traveling to local mosques such as the Illiana Islamic Center in Highland or the Northwest Indiana Islamic Center in Merrillville for early morning prayers. Once inside the dome, attendees removed their shoes and greeted each other with warmth—sometimes with hugs or handshakes—before taking their seats on spread-out rugs and chairs.

Attendees removing shoes before prayer

During the service, the community joined in the recitation of Takbeen—the praise of Allah—guided by Iman Mongy El-Quesny. In an atmosphere filled with gratitude and forgiveness, friends and family exchanged heartfelt greetings, further strengthening their bonds.

Community members greeting each other at the celebration

Following the formal prayers, family-friendly festivities unfolded inside the dome. Children enjoyed bouncy houses and interactive games, while food trucks offered traditional dishes such as shawarma and falafel. As Jawad Nammari noted, although Muslims observe daily prayers and follow God’s commandments routinely, Eid Al-Adha is set apart as a day that honors sacrifice, generosity, and communal solidarity.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/northwest-indiana-muslims-unite-for-eid-al-adha/feed/ 0 Live Bulletin: Syrian Missiles, Sheja’iyya Operation, and Ansarallah Attack on Ben Gurion – Day 605 https://muslimculturehub.com/live-bulletin-syrian-missiles-shejaiyya-operation-and-ansarallah-attack-on-ben-gurion-day-605/ https://muslimculturehub.com/live-bulletin-syrian-missiles-shejaiyya-operation-and-ansarallah-attack-on-ben-gurion-day-605/#respond Sun, 08 Jun 2025 03:00:27 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/live-bulletin-syrian-missiles-shejaiyya-operation-and-ansarallah-attack-on-ben-gurion-day-605/ Read more]]> Incident Overview

Recent confrontations in the Sheja’iyya neighborhood, located to the east of Gaza City, resulted in a tragic loss of life and injuries among Israeli forces. Reports from Israeli sources indicate that one soldier lost his life and two others sustained injuries during the clash between members of the Palestinian resistance and the Israeli military.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/live-bulletin-syrian-missiles-shejaiyya-operation-and-ansarallah-attack-on-ben-gurion-day-605/feed/ 0 Expertise Not Needed: Taking Sides in the Israel-Palestine Debate https://muslimculturehub.com/expertise-not-needed-taking-sides-in-the-israel-palestine-debate/ https://muslimculturehub.com/expertise-not-needed-taking-sides-in-the-israel-palestine-debate/#respond Sat, 07 Jun 2025 21:00:32 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/expertise-not-needed-taking-sides-in-the-israel-palestine-debate/ Read more]]> Introduction

The recent escalation in Gaza is not just a headline in international news—it also shines a revealing light on the underlying currents within American domestic politics. This conflict has become a mirror, reflecting how deeply polarized viewpoints are influencing the nation’s political landscape.

International Conflict as a Domestic Flashpoint

The unfolding events in Gaza are being interpreted through a distinctly American lens, where foreign policy debates mirror broader cultural and ideological divisions. For many observers, the conflict provides a framework for understanding a host of domestic issues, from shifting alliances to the nature of political discourse in the United States. As communities across the nation weigh in, the Gaza situation becomes a rallying point for debates that extend far beyond the borders of the Middle East.

Political Reactions and Institutional Shifts

Political leaders from both sides of the aisle are using the conflict to underscore their core beliefs. On one hand, some view a strong stance in support of Israel as a necessary measure for national and global security. On the other hand, critics of traditional policies argue that existing approaches may require reevaluation in light of the humanitarian and political complexities that the conflict unveils. These sharp contrasts are contributing to an ongoing reassessment of priorities within major institutions and government bodies.

Media Narratives and Partisan Perspectives

Coverage of the Gaza conflict in American media has amplified the existing divide. Different news outlets present narratives that often reflect their own ideological leanings, contributing to a fragmented public perception of the events overseas. As these narratives evolve, they reinforce the notion that domestic and international policies are intertwined, with each side of the political spectrum accusing the other of adopting biased or overly simplistic views on a complex issue.

Implications for Future Policy and Political Discourse

The fallout from the Gaza conflict is likely to influence future policy decisions both abroad and at home. For many, the debate is not solely about the region itself but about the tone and effectiveness of American leadership on the global stage. As the nation grapples with these challenges, the interplay between international commitments and domestic political strategy remains a critical factor that will shape the next chapter in American political life.

Conclusion

Ultimately, the situation in Gaza illustrates how foreign conflicts can intensify domestic political divisions. The ongoing debate highlights a broader struggle within the United States—a struggle that involves reconciling longstanding ideological differences with the imperatives of international leadership. As America faces these intertwined challenges, the Gaza conflict serves as a potent symbol of both the complexities of global engagement and the enduring nature of domestic political fault lines.

]]> https://muslimculturehub.com/expertise-not-needed-taking-sides-in-the-israel-palestine-debate/feed/ 0 Economic Struggles Lessen the Eid al-Adha Spirit This Year https://muslimculturehub.com/economic-struggles-lessen-the-eid-al-adha-spirit-this-year/ https://muslimculturehub.com/economic-struggles-lessen-the-eid-al-adha-spirit-this-year/#respond Sat, 07 Jun 2025 15:00:44 +0000 https://muslimculturehub.com/economic-struggles-lessen-the-eid-al-adha-spirit-this-year/ Read more]]> Economic Hardships Dampen Eid al-Adha Celebrations

Across several regions, the joyous mood traditionally associated with Eid al-Adha has been tempered by economic challenges. Rising prices, reduced consumer spending, and the residual impact of recent health outbreaks have combined to make this year’s festivities noticeably subdued.

Festivities in Jakarta, Indonesia

In Indonesia’s capital, Muslim worshipers gathered in large numbers for the Eid al-Adha morning prayers at the Istiqlal Grand Mosque. Despite the crowded streets and well-attended prayer sessions, many felt the usual exuberance was softened by economic concerns. High prices and dwindling animal sales have led to a more measured celebration than in past years.

Muslims performing Eid al-Adha prayer on a street in Jakarta

Muslims arriving for Eid al-Adha prayer in Jakarta

Impact on Livestock Markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

In Dhaka, Bangladesh, the spirit of sacrifice is a central element of Eid al-Adha. In busy livestock markets, traders and buyers typically engage in robust transactions to obtain animals for the ritual slaughter. However, in recent times a combination of fewer customers and ongoing economic pressures has led to significantly lower sales. One vendor, who once sold over 100 cows in the weeks preceding Eid, reported that he managed to sell only 43 animals this year. Local data revealed that the number of sacrificial animals available dropped by 57% compared to the previous year.

Vendor waiting at a livestock market in Dhaka

Men walking with a cow purchased for sacrifice in Dhaka

Economic Concerns and Consumer Spending

Local sellers attribute the slowdown not only to the lingering threats of outbreaks such as foot-and-mouth disease but largely to the broader economic hardships facing consumers. The reduced sales in livestock markets, which traditionally help drive household consumption and contribute significantly to national GDP, suggest that spending patterns during Eid al-Adha are being noticeably altered by these price pressures.

Celebrations Across South Asia

Eid al-Adha, which commemorates the Quranic tale of the Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son before God provided a ram in his place, holds a deeply spiritual significance. In countries such as India and Bangladesh, where the festival is set to begin on Saturday, markets are bustling as families purchase animals for sacrifice. In New Delhi, for example, sellers report that the demand for goats has increased, with prices on the rise compared to previous years. In Indian-controlled Kashmir, traditions continue as families dye their sheep and goats in henna, a practice that echoes the legacy of the Prophet Ibrahim.

Looking Ahead

While the essence of Eid al-Adha remains focused on sacrifice, charity, and the sharing of blessings, the economic realities facing many consumers have clearly altered the atmosphere of celebration. With government measures such as extended holidays aimed at encouraging family time and potentially boosting economic activity, it remains to be seen how these fiscal challenges will shape the festive season in the months ahead.

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